Monoethanolamine is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H7NO, CAS：141-43-5，and is a colorless liquid. At room temperature, it is a colorless viscous liquid with an ammonia odor, soluble in water. The solution is strongly alkaline and can be mixed with water, ethanol, acetone, etc. It is slightly soluble in ether and carbon tetrachloride. At 25 ℃, its solubility in benzene is 1.4%, in ether it is 2.1%, and in carbon tetrachloride it is 0.2%. It can absorb carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, and after heating, the absorbed gas can be released. Flammable, there is a risk of combustion when exposed to open flames or high heat. Vapour is toxic. Some have hygroscopicity. It has emulsifying and foaming effects. Can form salts with inorganic and organic acids, and react with acid anhydrides to form esters. The hydrogen atom in its amino group can be replaced by acyl halides, haloalkanes, etc.
Used to remove acidic gases from natural gas and petroleum gas, and to manufacture non-ionic detergents, emulsifiers, etc.